| อ้างอิงหลัก | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
|---|---|
| ข้อสังเกต | Inhabits inshore and offshore coral reefs. Found within caves at night (Ref. 9626). Often found in tangles of staghorn coral; anywhere there is abundant algae on reefs (Ref. 26938). Feeds mainly on algae but also on harpacticoid copepods, small gastropods, eggs of mollusks, sponges, polychaetes and hydroids (Ref. 9626); also feeds on detritus, plants and other benthic organisms (Ref. 33). Juveniles subsist on the external parasites of fishes (Ref. 5521). Pugnaciously guards large territories, will chase and nip intruders of all sizes, including divers (Ref. 9710). Territorial herbivore (Ref. 57616). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrate | |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
| Special habitats Ref. |
| อ้างอิง | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | Cleaned by goby (Gobiosoma evelynae and others) as observed on the coral reefs in Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles (Ref. 36810). |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
| วิธีการให้อาหาร | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
| นิสัยในการกินอาหาร | grazing on aquatic plants |
| Feeding habit Ref. |
| Estimation method | ตัวอย่างดั้งเดิม | ประชากรที่ยังไม่มีการทำการประมง | ข้อสังเกต | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| จากส่วนประกอบของอาหาร | 3.27 | 0.26 | 2.72 | 0.24 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
| จากรายการอาหารของสัตว์แต่ละชนิด | 2.82 | 0.33 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| อ้างอิง | Randall, J.E., 1967 | ||||