ການອ້າງອີງຫຼັກ | Sierra, L.M., R. Claro and O.A. Popova, 1994 |
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ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ | Occurs on the continental shelf and slope (Ref. 75154). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
ປະເພດການໃຫ້ອາຫານ | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Sierra, L.M., R. Claro and O.A. Popova, 1994 |
ນິໄສການກິນອາຫານ | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Sierra, L.M., R. Claro and O.A. Popova, 1994 |
Estimation method | ຕົວຢ່າງຕົ້ນສະບັບ | ປະຊາກອນທີ່ບໍ່ແມ່ນປາ | ຂໍ້ສັງເກດ | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
ຈາກອົງປະກອບຂອງອາຫານ | 4.51 | 4.40 | 0.70 | Troph of adults from 1 study. | |
ຈາກລາຍການອາຫານແຕ່ລະອັນ | 4.47 | 0.75 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
ເອກະສານອ້າງອີງ | Bowman, R.E., C.E. Stillwell, W.L. Michaels and M.D. Grosslein, 2000 |